Optical Fiber & Electrical Fundamental Rights

                             Proper cleaning of connectors is very important. The core diameter of a single-mode fiber is only about 9um. This generally means you cannot see streaks or scratches on the surface. Follow the under mentioned procedure to clean the connector. 1 Clean the connector by rubbing it on cleaning tape or a new, dry cotton swab using a small circular movement. 2. Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air. If the connector has greasy dirt on its tip follow the following procedure. 1. Take a new Moisten cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol. 2. Clean the connector by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular      movement. 3. Take cleaning tape and rub it in small circular motion to remove the alcohol dissolved       sediment and dust. 4. 4. Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air.

                 Losses occur at many points in a fibre optic system. We have to ensure that the light source launches enough power into the fibre to provide enough power at the receiver. The receiver has limited sensitivity. Transmitter output - Receiver input = Losses + Margin (All calculations are done in dB)         Types of Loss For single mode fiber cable with two most commonly used wavelengths— 1310 nm and 1550 nm—The attenuation measurement will vary depending upon which wavelength is in use. Attenuation is measured in dB and is quoted as attenuation in dB/km.          Fiber Loss Variables • Attenuation: All fiber has losses from absorption and back reflection of the light caused by impurities in the glass. Attenuation is a function of wavelength and needs to be specified or measured at the wavelength in use. • Modal Dispersion: The higher the data rate, the shorter the di...

              There is a difference between the power coupled into a component like a cable or a connector and the power that is transmitted through it. This difference is what we call optical loss and defines the performance of a cable, connector, splice, etc. • Measuring power Power in a fibre optic system is like voltage in an electrical circuit. To measure power, attach the meter to the cable that has the output you want to measure. Turn on the transmitter/source and note the power the meter measures. • Testing Loss Following two methods are used to measure loss. Optical Loss Test Sets houses a light source and power meter in the same unit. For both methods two units of loss test sets (one at each end of the fibre under test) are required. • Single Ended Loss (Laser Source and Power Meter) This test is initiated from one end and result is displayed at far end unit. • Double Ended Loss (FasTest Method) In this test Laser source is ...

        Cables need to be tested for Continuity, End-to-End Loss and any other potential problems. For long outside plant cables with intermediate splices, all individual splices need to be verified with an OTDR, since that's the only way to make sure that each one is good. Within the network testing for power is necessary as power is the measurement that tells whether the system is operating properly. Tools and Test Equipment for the job. 1. Source and power meter, optical loss test. 2. Reference test cables 3. Cleaning materials - lint free cleaning wipes and pure alcohol. 4. OTDR and launch cable for outside plant jobs.